bennerfelt



G. RENNERFELT.

BRAKE SYSTEM FOR MOVING VEHICLES.

APPLlcAlloN FILED JuLYl6.1909. RENEWED MAR. 19.1915.

Patented Aue.v 1f, ,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

` G. RENNERFELT. BRAKE SYSTEM FOR MOVINGVVEHICLES.

APPLICATroN FILED JuLYl. i909. RENEwED MAR. 19.1915.

Patented ug. 15, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

U ECM m Ill l iiected through a rod or link R with one v end of a pivoted brake-arm B1, aiiothe'r'pivoted brake-arm B' being secured directly to and movable with the cylinder C. S represents a strong spiral spring constituting y a constantly acting source of energy for ap-I ably cast integral therewith and V a hollow cylindrical contiol valve having enlarged 'heads adapted to open and close the poits p and Q. -c represents a valve stem connected 'at its end to one end of the valve V and at the other end to the coi'e of the solenoid N. ZZ represents an additional valve stem connected to the other end of the valve V and provided with a head n at its outer-.end and -a spring y for moving it longitudinally when the solenoid N is demagnetized. W

represents a water or otherliquid main con-.

nected with a source of water, air, gas, or liquid mobile agent under pressure, the same y being connected through a branch pipe or dll tube 'w and an intermediate flexible tube f with the interior of the valve chamber E. The arrangement of these parts is such that the controlling cylinder C operatively con nected with the brake-arm B will move in one direction when the other brake-arm B1 is moved in a reverse direction. vo is a vent or'exhaust pipe operatively connected with the interior of the valve chamber E, its function being to carry away the released liquid from time to time Vas the apparatus operates. L represents a latch made preferably of magnetic material and pivoted, as shown,

to the head of the cylinder C and valve' chamber E with its upper en d located in the magnetic field of the magnet m, said latch being of such weight that normally it is held by the'action of gravity in the position shown4 in Figs. l and 2 Vwith the stop-.arm r at its lower end resting against the head of the cylinder and with the hooked cnd thereof located in the path of the head n of the valve stem .(l. The function of this hitch is to limit the movement of the valve V, as shown in Fig. 2, unless the emergency appliance be actuated as shown in Fig. 3.

I will new describe the mode of operation of this application of the invention. Suppose the current' be [lowing from some source of electrical energy, not shown, through the main -{-M, by way of the feed circuit 4 in the direction of the arrows, the ai'in of the controller or switch Sw to and through the motor 3, feed circuit 5 to the main M rthis causes the car to move in the usual way, it being understood that a liquider other mobile agent under pressure enters from the main W, hand-control cock, branch ipipe-ortube w, flexible tube f to the inner shoes thereof upon the brake-wheel 2. The

car, therefore, continues tomoveuntil the operator throws the controller arm or switch Sw into the position shown in dotted lines,

decreasing the speed in the usual way while being thus thrown a`nd at the same time breaking the circuittd `and through the motor 3 and to and through the solenoid N. This permits the spring g, acting behind the head n and through the valve stem d, to move the valve V into the position shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, with the head 'n' resting against the -hooked portionl of the latch h, so that the port p is closed'and, the

port g left open -in communication with `the waste pipe o. arms B and B1, acting under stored-up energy'in the spring S, are caused to exert the usual gripping action of the brake-shoes upon the brake-Wheel 2; at the Sametime,

the liquid in the cylinder-C is released and allowed to pass outward through the port g and around theouter surface of the valve V, ultimately finding its way into the sewer; or, if an oil be used, i1 to a reservoir from which it may again bewithdrawn for use.

Consequently, the two brale- In the event of the car having too great velocity to stop at the proper level, the attendant may apply an emergency brake by.

throwing the arm ofthe controller or switch Sw upon the contact arm 9, thereby closingtlie branch circuit 8 through the emergency magnet m, so that themagnetiz'able part of the latch 7L is energized and said latch is moved into the position shown in Fig. 3, under vwhich ycondition the spring g acting against the head n advances the valve V to its extreme position, under `which condition the port p has been opened, so that liquid is now admitted through the pipe or tube w and acts conjointly with the stored up energy in the spring S to more forcibly apply the brake-arms B, B1 uponthe brake-wheel 2, the port g acting in this instance as a vent for escaping liquid. When the arm of the l controller orswitch Sw is moved so as to again connect with the current regulating niean-sR-L and contact 7, the motor is again started and the solenoid N is caused to restore the valve to its original position shown ously released when the switch Sw leaves the Contact 9.

55 circuits andlalso to 'Meeres electrically. propelled :tram-car this formv of'the invention-'disclosing 'aI truck frame .5 together withgfour tram-'wheels ,operatively connected throughthefusual train of,1 gear to an -eiectric motor Jr-Which. is in: turn' electrically connected through itsc'omrnutatorbrushes directly. With the mains -t- M switch Sw.; The brakearins-B- and B1. in

this application of the invention" are held apart.: through the agency o f a rigidV rod R and the spiral'spring or other source of storedup energy S. K represents. a niag. net'ically Acontrolled clutch carried .by one v of the-axlesandadapted to be operatively connected witlia loose eccentric Q -journaled on 'the same. axle 4and .connected in turn through 'a piston T with a plump G, which pump is connected in turn with a pipe 'or tube. 'w running' to aA supply tank .L .corr

' '.taining'a liquid preferably 'a light lubricat-- pipe running from the pump ing. 'oilj't is a d iectlyfto storage chamber 0' and from 'thence to and through a flexible tube f Where A it is connected-directly to. the 'valve cha. in'

ber E, V being the control valve as before and N the control solenoid. .Fis a com- I- being'a compression 'spring adapted. to act directlyupon the' compression piston' andl subject the liquid to Sufiicient pressure to rupture of either the compression chamber' 4a or ofthe pipes t and f. .The circuit relationsfbetfveen the controller, the inains, the

motor andthe controlling cylinder are' substantiallylike those disclosed iniFig. l and the operation` -of this lapplication of the in. vention is as .folloWs:-."Suppose the car to be running under full speejand therarm of the controllerl Sov-in position, as shown. Current is, therefore, beingfsupplied tothe -inotor 3, as iwill be apparent on tracing thel the solenoid N, therebyholding the valve V in ltsextreme left-hand position ivithfthe spring fg under compression; consequently, no liquid is entering, or

can enter the cvlinder C although the-liquid 6c 'under pressure in. Athe chamber o forces the sameinto the valvechamber E. On'cutting oil'. the current to the motor and ultimately interrupting the 'circuit between the arm ofA the controller Sw landcontact i', thesolenoid e5 N is deinagnetized and thefspringg per- .plication of hydraulicpressure againstl the brake-arms B ancLB1 directions,

and M by' the arm'of the controller or arms are forced against the 'faces'ofthe tinuously during pression pistonin' the storage' chamber e, f

.ciic details of 'construction shown' in the i Ii'itilize a constantly energy; in combination .manner-as to move the valve V tothe'right,

thereby admitting liquid under .pressureg` throughthe port against the pistonP,"

thus applying the brakes by the v,direct ap-.

action Iof spring S and causing the, tWo

to advanee in' opposite so that the shoes ofsaid brake- A tram-Wheels,. thus tending. to bring the 'car 75 to afstop. Should there be sufficient pressure in the storing chamber o to apply the bra kes Withsuicient Aforce the motorman mores the-arm'of the controller or switch S'w into' electrical contact with thecontact point 9, thus 'closingtliecircuit to the clutch K "and causing the eccentric Q on the car-'axle to 'actuate thepump Gr, .thereby drawing oil `the' car is coasting. The pump Gr as beforestated may be directly connected with the armature' of the motor Sian'd driven .con-

propulsion, if preferred, but l prefer '.to have the saine actuated through the agency-fof 'clutching mechainisni thereby utilizing it lonly When actually needed. I do .not limit `my invention to the spedrayvings and hereinbefore described, as obvious'ly a number of the features thereof operate or controlthe brakes, as v rill be dew scribed later on. e is a vent located aboyeVW l the compression pistQn'F. is a .Waste .pipe

may be departed from and 'still come Within the scope-of my Vclaimshereinafter. made.' l believe it is L'broadly` new With me to.

acting source. of energy for applying the brakes to Wheeled vehicles and to opposesaid constantly acting source lof energy With' a mobile agent 'under pres 105 sure, orA vice versa, the application of such force being effected' alternately by "-or, through the agency of an electrically controlled appliance movingxwith or controlled by the manually controlled appliances which supplyor control the `source of energy that propels theyehicle, and 'my claims are gener-icas to this feature. Nor do I limit myself to the use of a liquid mobile agentes. obviously air or any Welly known gas may 115 be usedf'or the purpose and in the manner specied.

. Having thus describedgrnyinventionwhat l claim and desire to secure by Letters .Paten t of the United States is- 120 l. A moving vehicle; a brake systeml 1 therefor; a source of applied energy opera- `tively connected With and acting onV the brakes;.a liquid under pressure and'means for causing the vliquid to oppose the applied 125 with ,a source of electrical'energy for the vehicle, and a Inotor therefor; vmeans 'for regulatingithe ap# plication of` electric power thereto; together Withmeans comprising' a circuit contrtilled by said regulating-means for effecting the operation of the brakes when the power is cut off from the motor.

S2.. A vehicle;v an electric motor and a source of electric power therefor; a brake system for the vehicle; a source of applied operatively connected with the brakes thereof, and a liquid under pressure operatively connected to the brakes and opposing the applied source of energy; an electric controller fr c applying power to the motor and means or controlling the applicat-ion of the liquid to the brakes; together with connections comprising a circuit between the controller and the brake controlling means whereby on disconnecting the motor from its source ol` energy the brakes are automatically applied.

3. A vehicle; a source of electrical energy; an electric motor for propelling, the vehicle; a controller for regulating?)` the applica-tion of current .from the source ot' electrical energy through the motor; a brake'system and electrically and hydraulically controlled means for regulating the application thereotl to the vehicle;V circuits and circuit connections between thebrake control-mechanism and the aforesaid controller whereby when the motor is disconnected from the circuit the biakes are applied." I

Ll., Av brake system for power impelled vehicles, embracing mechanical and hydraun ,lical sources of energy adapted to oppose each other `and both operatively connected withy thel brakes; in combination with a source of electricpower for moving the vehicle, and an electric controller therefor, said controller being operatively connected with means coxnprisiiig,r a circuit for regulating the application o-i1 onel of the brake controlling sources of energy to the brakes, and forA cutting out the motor when said brakes are applied.

5. A brake system for power impelled' vehicles, embracingv mechanical and hydraulical sources 'ot' energy adapted to oppose each other and both operatively connected with the brakes; in (,ombination with a source of power for movingA the vehicle, and a controller therefor, said controller being operatively connected with means for regulating' the application ol one ot the brake controlling sources ot' energy to the brakes; together with additional means operatively connected with the controller for bringing about anei'nergency braking;V effect.

An electrically propelled vehicle provided with a brake system en'ibodying mechanical and hydraulical sources ot energy, one of which tends-to hold the brakes normally out oit' action; in col'nbina'timi with 'a controller for regulating.;1 the application of a power impelling current; together with means operatively connected with the same controller and with the brake controlling means, the arrangement being such that when -the power impelling current is broken at the controller it is also broken for the brake controlling appliances at the ,same controller. 'f

ln testimony whereof I have siened 1n name to this specification in the presence o two subscribing witnesses.

GUSTAF RENNERFELT. llllitnesses J. Knrrnmz, -y M. F. KEAHNG. 

